Sep 19, 2013
Mashable (@mashable) 9/10/13 4:53 AM This Clip-On Device Lets You Read Your Tablet While You Runon.mash.to/1akqMaK |
Neuroscientist. 2004 Aug;10(4):347-61.
Regulation of arm and leg movement during human locomotion.Rehabilitation Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Victoria, BC, Canada. pzehr@uvic.ca
Abstract
Walking can be a very automated process, and it is likely that central pattern generators (CPGs) play a role in the coordination of the limbs. Recent evidence suggests that both the arms and legs are regulated by CPGs and that sensory feedback also regulates the CPG activity and assists in mediating interlimb coordination. Although the strength of coupling between the legs is stronger than that between the arms, arm and leg movements are similarly regulated by CPG activity and sensory feedback (e.g., reflex control) during locomotion.
Forefoot varus malalignment is clinically defined as a nonweightbearing inversion of the metatarsal heads relative to a vertical bisection of the calcaneus in subtalar joint neutral. Although often targeted for treatment with foot orthoses, the etiology of forefoot varus malalignment has been debated and may involve an unalterable bony torsion of the talus. There was no association between forefoot alignment and talar torsion (r = 0.18; 95% confidence interval, -0.11 to 0.44; P = .22).These findings may have implications for the treatment of forefoot varus since they suggest that the source of forefoot varus malalignment may be found in an alterable soft-tissue deformity rather than in an unalterable bony torsion of the talus. |